Write short notes on the following:
(a) Microcontrollers
(b) Microprocessors
(c) DC Motors
(d) Embedded System
(e) Sensor
Question :
Write short notes on the following:
(a) Microcontrollers
(b) Microprocessors
(c) DC Motors
(d) Embedded System
(e) Sensor
- Microcontrollers
(embedded processors) are processors (or
specialized microprocessors) that have many peripherals to interact with
real-word sensors and actuators. Microcontrollers are typically employed in
scenarios that must have low power consumption, operate fan-less, thus must
have low power dissipation Also, often micro-controllers run relatively simpler
set of instructions.
- Microprocessors
(Application processors) usually are for general-purpose applications, and
rarely have many peripheral interconnect options. They target high performance
applications, focus on computational power, and thus come with multiple level
of caches, have very high clock speeds, have less to worry about power
dissipation and power consumption. Often, they have little or no onboard RAM.
- DC motors,
which move at variable speeds. In DC motors, the coil of wire (rotor) assembly
rotates in an attempt to align itself with the stator assembly but is prevented
by a part known as the commutator. At the precise moment, the commutator
switches the rotor field while the stator assembly remains stationary. This
provides the means to control speed and positioning.
- An embedded
system can be thought of as a computer hardware system having software embedded
in it. An embedded system can be an independent system or it can be a part of a
large system. An embedded system is a microcontroller or microprocessor based
system which is designed to perform a specific task. For example, a fine alarm is an embedded system; it will sense
only smoke.
- The sensor can be defined as a device which can be used to sense / detect the physical quantity like force, pressure, strain, light etc and then convert it into desired output like the electrical signal to measure the applied physical quantity.