It increases the size of IoT networks
It processes data locally to reduce latency
It reduces the cost of IoT hardware
It only supports high-bandwidth devices
Actuator
Sensor
Transmitter
Gateway
Data processing and storage
Device control interface
Hardware monitoring
Establishing local device connectivity
HTTP
CoAP (Constrained Application Protocol)
SMTP
Telnet
Microsoft Azure IoT Hub
Zigbee
Arduino
Bluetooth
Remote Frequency Identification
Radio Frequency Identification
Radio Fixed Identification
Random Frequency Information Device
To encrypt its data
To allow individual tracking and communication
To configure device protocols
To integrate with non-IoT devices
Devices operate without maintenance
Devices from different vendors work seamlessly together
Devices only communicate using proprietary protocols
Devices can update themselves automatically
Cloud computing
Edge computing
Middleware processing
Blockchain processing
4
5
6
7
Physical Layer
Network Layer
Session Layer
Presentation Layer
Internet Layer
Transport Layer
Application Layer
Network Access Layer
Connectionless communication
Reliable communication
Broadcast communication only
Unreliable communication
Higher reliability
Lower overhead
Error correction capability
Built-in security
Data Link Layer
MQTT
FTP
POP3
Application
Internet
Transport
Network Access
IP Address
MAC Address
URL
Port Number
Physical Address
Bus Address
Simplex
Half Duplex
Full Duplex
Broadcast