Actuator

Actuator


  • Actuators converts information or energy from sensor into action by transmitting in to another power mechanism or system, such as heating or cooling a room.
  • No human  intervention need be involved in the decision-making process.
  • Actuators are basically the muscle behind a mechatronics system that accept a control command (mostly in the form of an electrical signal)  and produce a change  in the physical system by generating force, motion, heat, flow etc.
Classification of Actuators

    • Electrical Actuators
    • Electromechanical Actuators
    • Electromagnetic Actuators
    • Hydraulic Actuator
    • Pneumatic Actuators
    • Smart Material Actuators
    • Micro-actuators
    Electrical Actuator

      • Electrical Actuator is an electromechanical device that converts electrical energy into mechanical that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy .
      • Most electric actuators operate through the interaction of magnetic fields and current carrying conductors to generate force.
      • Electrical switches are the choice of actuators for most of the on-off type control action.

      Electromechanical Actuators

        • The most common electromechanical actuator is a motor that converts electrical energy to mechanical motion.
        • Motors ate the principal means of converting electrical energy into mechanical energy in industry.
        • Broadly they can be classified as DC Motors, AC Motors, stepper Motors, and servo motor.

        Electromagnetic Actuators

          • The solenoid is the most common electromagnetic actuator.
          • A DC solenoid actuator consists of a soft iron core enclosed within a current carrying coil.
          • When the coil is energized, a magnetic field is established that provides the force to push or pull the iron core.

          Hydraulic Actuator

            • Hydraulic and pneumatic actuators are normally either rotary motors or liner piston/cylinder or control valves.
            • They are ideally suited for generating very large forces coupled with large motion.
            • Hydraulic actuators consist of a cylinder or fluid motor that utilize hydraulic power of facilitate mechanical process. Hydraulic motors output liner, rotary, or oscillating motion but acceleration is limited.

            Pneumatic Actuators

              • Pneumatic actuators work on the same concept as hydraulic actuators except compressed gas is used instead of liquid Energy, in the form of compressed gas, is converted into linear or rotary motion.
              • These are used in applications in which positional accuracy is not a requirement.

              Micro actuators

              • Micro actuators, also called Micro-machines Micro-electromechanical system (MEMS). And micro system are the tiny mobile devices being developed utilizing the standard microelectronics processes with the integration of semiconductors and machined micromechanical elements.

              Qus. 1 : Which of the following is not an actuator ?

              1. DC Motor
              2. Stepper Motor
              3. Relay
              4. Shutter doors
              Qus. 2 : If 1 means an object is detected and 0 meaning no object is detected, then considering the sensor stationary, what can be the possible movement of object if the output by the sensor is observed as 111000 ?

              1. Object is stationary
              2. Object is oscillating side by side
              3. Object is moving away
              4. Object is moving closer
              Qus. 3 : The actuators used in IoT applications are?

              1. Relay
              2. Servo Motors
              3. DC Motors
              4. All of these
              Qus. 4 : Which of the following electromechanical device that will measure acceleration forces?

              1. Pressure sensor
              2. accelerometer
              3. Proximity sensor
              4. IR sensor
              Qus. 5 : A device which converts electrical energy into mechanical energy is:

              1. Electric Motors
              2. Electric generator
              3. Electric Transformer
              4. None of these
              Qus. 6 : Which actuators use a heat source to generate motion -

              1. thermal actuators
              2. Magnetic actuators
              3. Both of the above
              4. None of these
              Qus. 7 : Which of these actions does a hydraulic cylinder perform

              1. pushing
              2. lifting
              3. both a and b
              4. None of the above

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