Input devices

Introduction

Input devices are hardware components used to enter data and commands into a computer system. They allow users to interact with the computer by providing information for processing.

Types of Input Devices

1. Keyboard 🖋️

The most common input device used for typing text and commands.

Types:

• Mechanical Keyboard – Uses physical switches for better response.
• Membrane Keyboard – Uses rubber dome keys, softer to press.
• Wireless Keyboard – Connects via Bluetooth or USB receiver.
• Virtual Keyboard – Software-based keyboard on touchscreens.

2. Mouse 🖱️

A pointing device used to control the cursor on a screen.

Types:

• Mechanical Mouse – Uses a rubber ball for movement.
• Optical Mouse – Uses laser or LED sensors for movement.
• Wireless Mouse – Connects via Bluetooth or RF receiver.
• Trackball Mouse – Uses a rolling ball for precision movement.

3. Touchscreen 📱

Allows direct interaction with a device by touching the screen.

Used in smartphones, tablets, ATMs, and kiosks.

Types:

• Resistive Touchscreen – Works by pressure, used in ATMs.
• Capacitive Touchscreen – More responsive, used in smartphones.

4. Scanner 📠

Converts physical documents into digital format.

Types:

• Flatbed Scanner – Commonly used for scanning photos and documents.
• Barcode Scanner – Reads barcodes, used in retail stores.
• QR Code Scanner – Scans QR codes for payments and links.
• Handheld Scanner – Portable scanner for scanning books and receipts.

5. Microphone 🎤

Captures sound input for voice commands, recording, and communication.

Used in voice assistants (Alexa, Siri), gaming, and online meetings.

Types:

• Dynamic Microphone – Used for live performances.
• Condenser Microphone – Used for studio recordings and podcasts.

6. Web Camera (Webcam) 📷

• Captures images and videos for video conferencing, streaming, and surveillance.
• Used in laptops, desktops, and security systems.

7. Joystick & Game Controller 🎮

• Used for gaming and simulation applications.
• Provides better control in video games and flight simulators.

8. Light Pen ✏️

• A pen-shaped device used to draw directly on a screen.
• Used in graphic design, CAD applications, and touchscreen interaction.

9. Biometric Devices 🔐

• Used for security authentication via fingerprints, retina scans, or facial recognition.
• Used in smartphones, offices, and government security systems.

10. Digital Pen & Stylus 🖊️

• Used for writing, drawing, and designing on touchscreen devices.
• Used in tablets, digital notepads, and graphic design tools.